Sunday, September 25, 2011

Buy Best Building heat load contributions from medium and low voltage switchgear--part I: solid rectangular bus bar heat losses.(Report): An article from: ASHRAE Transactions

Building heat load contributions from medium and low voltage switchgear--part I: solid rectangular bus bar heat losses.(Report): An article from: ASHRAE Transactions by

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Building heat load contributions from medium and low voltage switchgear--part I: solid rectangular bus bar heat losses.(Report): An article from: ASHRAE Transactions

This digital document is an article from ASHRAE Transactions, published by American Society of Heating, Refrigerating, and Air-Conditioning Engineers, Inc. on July 1, 2009. The length of the article is 7435 words. The page length shown above is based on a typical 300-word page. The article is delivered in HTML format and is available immediately after purchase. You can view it with any web browser.

From the author: Heat dissipated by medium and low voltage switchgear is determined by use of a spreadsheet model. In the first part of this paper, mathematical models of a switchgear component that produces a significant portion of the total heat loss is examined. Rectangular bus bars are used in switchgear for carrying large current loads and the loss contribution of this one component is significant. The heat loss mechanisms of bus bars consist of eddy current loss, loss from proximity effect, and stray or enclosure loss. Each of these losses is considered in turn to develop a complete model of the bus bar loss process. Where possible, portions of the loss model are compared to information developed elsewhere with excellent agreement. The eddy current and proximity effect loss models are developed in such a way that the model allows evaluation with a spreadsheet. The same can be said for the stray or enclosure loss model. The goal of this work is to produce a switchgear power loss model suitable for use by HVAC engineers for heat load prediction.

Citation Details
Title: Building heat load contributions from medium and low voltage switchgear--part I: solid rectangular bus bar heat losses.(Report)
Author: Warren N. White
Publication:ASHRAE Transactions (Magazine/Journal)
Date: July 1, 2009
Publisher: American Society of Heating, Refrigerating, and Air-Conditioning Engineers, Inc.
Volume: 115 Issue: 2 Page: 369(13)

Article Type: Report

Distributed by Gale, a part of Cengage Learning

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Friday, September 23, 2011

Order Building heat load contributions from medium and low voltage switchgear--part II: component and overall switchgear heat gains.(Report): An article from: ASHRAE Transactions

Building heat load contributions from medium and low voltage switchgear--part II: component and overall switchgear heat gains.(Report): An article from: ASHRAE Transactions by

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Building heat load contributions from medium and low voltage switchgear--part II: component and overall switchgear heat gains.(Report): An article from: ASHRAE Transactions

This digital document is an article from ASHRAE Transactions, published by American Society of Heating, Refrigerating, and Air-Conditioning Engineers, Inc. on July 1, 2009. The length of the article is 4642 words. The page length shown above is based on a typical 300-word page. The article is delivered in HTML format and is available immediately after purchase. You can view it with any web browser.

From the author: Utility power sub-stations, industrial plants, and buildings use electrical power equipment in low voltage (LV) and medium voltage (MV) levels. A large number of electrical brands and products together with a lack of power efficiency information provide complications for HVAC engineers and designers in predicting power equipment heat loss. This is very true for LV and MV switchgear. Environmental heat gain information is very important for sizing HVAC equipment. The objectives of this paper are to update information on heat loss by LV and MV switchgear and to show these losses can be predicted. Two spreadsheet models are presented that calculate the power loss for low and medium voltage switchgear and practical examples are shown for each case using realistic information. The spreadsheets provide an approximation of the dissipated power losses if actual current loadings are used. However, if breaker and bus amp ratings (unknown loading case) are used in place of the actual loadings, the dissipated power loss of the LV and MV switchgear will be overestimated. This emphasizes the need of using the actual loadings for each bus and circuit breaker to obtain realistic results.

Citation Details
Title: Building heat load contributions from medium and low voltage switchgear--part II: component and overall switchgear heat gains.(Report)
Author: Emilio C. Piesciorovsky
Publication:ASHRAE Transactions (Magazine/Journal)
Date: July 1, 2009
Publisher: American Society of Heating, Refrigerating, and Air-Conditioning Engineers, Inc.
Volume: 115 Issue: 2 Page: 382(13)

Article Type: Report

Distributed by Gale, a part of Cengage Learning

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Thursday, September 22, 2011

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Handbook of Switchgears (Mcgraw-Hill Handbooks)

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Designing, Operating, and Protecting Switchgears for Electrical Distribution Systems

Switchgears are the switching devices that form the backbone of modern electrical distribution systems. The Handbook of Switchgears offers electrical power engineers and technicians a one-stop guide to the basic design, operation, and protection of switchgears, including circuit breakers, transformers, relays, switches, and fuses.

Containing contributions by 22 experts from Bharat Heavy Electricals Limited, the Handbook of Switchgears guides readers through switchgears for electrical power grids and industrial facilities, as well as for residential and commercial buildings. Readers will find up-to-the-minute information on circuit breaker technologies…GIS…current and voltage transformers… protective relays…energy metering…generator protection…EHV transmission system control and protection…and much more. Filled with over 100 helpful illustrations, this comprehensive resource features:

Complete details on low and medium voltage switchgears

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